Sodium tetraborate

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Tetraborate sodium

 

Tetraborate sodium ("borax") — Na2B4O7, sodium salt of boric acid, the most common and used compound of boron forms several of the crystalline, widely used in industry.

There are many minerals containing sodium tetraborate. These include:

• Borax or tinkal or borax, a mineral composition Na2B4O7•10H2O — debugIdrath of sodium tetraborate.

• Kernit — TetraIdrath of sodium tetraborate — Na2В4О7•4N2O.

• Numerous mineral class of borates, in addition to oxides of sodium and boron are contained other metals like calcium, magnesium, iron, etc.

• Crystalline compounds fall in the precipitate in the drying of some closed, seasonal, intermittent, salt lakes, for example lake Surls is located in the Mojave desert in the USA and some lakes in Turkey.

 

Forms several crystalline hydrates with different water content. These crystalline and tetraborate anhydrous sodium Na2B4O7 commonly called "borax". Examples crystalline hydrates:

• Pentahydrate (Na2B4O7•5H2O) called "jewelry drill", is used in soldering jewelry products.

• Decahydrate (Na2B4O7•10H2O).

 

However the most common "brown" is called decahydrate Na2B4O7•10H2O. This salt is a transparent crystals, when heated above 400 °C loses crystallization water.

As is a salt of a weak acid and a strong base in water is hydrolyzed, water solution tetraborate sodium has an alkaline reaction.

Interacts with strong acids, forming the corresponding salt and boric acid.

A salt metals boric acid is insoluble in water and the interaction in solution of their soluble salts with the sodium tetraborate of the resulting borate precipitate. This is based on the use of borax for "softening" water.

With oxides many transition metal drill with fusion it forms variously colored compounds — borate "borax pearl". Color of pearls it is possible to judge quality the chemical composition of the sample.

Tetraborate sodium is used:

• in the manufacture of enamels, glazes, optical and colored glasses;

• when soldering and melting metals as flux;

• in the paper and pharmaceutical industry;

• production of construction materials as a component of antiseptic for the manufacture of cellulose insulation "Ecowool";

• as disinfectant and preservative means;

• for the preparation of buffer solutions;

• in analytical chemistry:

• as a standard substance for determine the concentration of solutions of acids;

• for the qualitative detection of oxides metals (color of pearls);

• in pictures — part slowly existing developers as a weak accelerating substance;

• as a component of detergents;

• as a component of cosmetics;

• as raw material for boron;

• as an insecticide in poisoned baits to destroy cockroaches.

 

Is a great source of boron oxide and is widely used in various industries industrial production.

When the production of specialty glass, fiberglass, and fiberglass. Borax contributes to the melting of the charge, reduces the viscosity of the melt, prevents rusticliving, resulting in increased strength, resistance to mechanical, chemical and thermal exposure of the final product, the use of borax contributes to the spinning process that leads to hardening optical fiber, chemical resistance, improved heat and sound insulation characteristics.

When the manufacture of enamels and glazes borax (sodium tetraborate) is used as the source of boron oxide. The composition of glazes and enamels included as the inorganic binder.

Metallurgy. Borax is used as a source of boron oxide - anti-oxidant agent.

Gold mining. In the process of refining gold ore is used mainly anhydrous borax. The effect of the application of anhydrous borax: increase gold recovery, the improvement the quality of the ingots.

Production detergents, cleaners and bleaches. Is a starting component in the production of sodium perborate – the main oxygen-containing bleaching agent in powdered synthetic detergents, polishes, coating.

Application cosmetics: borax is a natural mineral, widely used in cosmetic industry. Used in creams, lotions, shampoos, gels, salts and the bombs for the bath.

Combined with citric acid in bath bombs gives the effect of churning, the mixture of water and and guar gum can be used as a shower gel.

Medical application: externally as an antiseptic in adults to rinse, the lubrication of the skin.

 

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