Methenamine

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Methenamine (hexamethylenetetramine)

 

Methenamine (hexamethylenetetramine, hexamine) is a polycyclic amine. Used in medicine under international nonproprietary names (INN) methenamine.

Formed the interaction of ammonia (4 mol) with formaldehyde (6 mol).

White crystalline substance, with a smell of rotten fish , sweet taste, sublimes at 270 °C. Hygroscopic, easily soluble in water, alcohol, soluble in chloroform and carbon disulphide, slightly soluble in ether. Solution hexamine in water gives an alkaline reaction to indicators. Kristallizuetsya of alcohol in the form of colorless lustrous rhombohedrons, in vacuum sublimates almost without decomposition, dissolves in water with evolution of heat and education hexa-hydrate. In warm water methenamine is less soluble than in cold, and in ethyl alcohol, on the contrary, methenamine is more soluble in hot than in cool.

When the interaction with alkali methenamine secretes ammonia, which is easily detected. With acids it forms crystalline compounds, soluble in the water.

Interacts with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of organic acids or nitric acid with education hexamethylenediamine. Has a very high reactive and forms many salts with phenols yields products accession. Being set on fire, it burns with a quiet flame neoplasm; flammable but not explosive.

Heat 30,045 combustion MJ/kg

 

Application

Production polymers

Used in the production of phenol-formaldehyde resins. Hexamine also used in getting protein and other plastics as a substitute for formaldehyde.

Medicine

Hexamethylenetetramine — one of the few currently used synthetic drug funds with more than 100 years of history: it began at the turn of XIX—XX centuries. The drug has antisepticheskoe mainly in the urinary ways. Used in pure form and as part of the combined medicinal means (for example, kaltseks). Pure hexamethylenetetramine is used orally or intravenously, in the form of salts: hippurate, indigocarmine or camphorata. The mechanism of action is based on the release of free formaldehyde, which denatures the proteins of bacteria and has a tanning effect on the skin. This is due to the tissue specificity of the action of hexamethylenetetramine and the relative safety of the drug, as it splits with the release of the active formaldehyde only in the acidic environment of the urine, thus acting directly on the bacteria that cause urinary tract diseases, as well as in inflammatory foci rich in acidic breakdown products of tissues. The effect of the drug dose-dependent.

Nutritional supplements

In the food industry was as an additive-preservative (E239 code). Often used in cheese-making, as well as for the preservation of caviar.

In everyday life

Sold in packs of ten tablets of 10 grams each, or 5 tablets of 16 grams under the trade name "Dry fuel", "Dry alcohol", "Razzhivina". Used as fuel for cooking (reheating) food to fuel and calcination furnaces, warming of cellars, garages, etc. (as "dry alcohol" can also use the metaldehyde).

To give the water resistance of the plasticized solid oil paraffins.

Other areas applications

• in analytical chemistry, as a component buffer solutions, etc.;

• in the production of explosives (raw materials for production of RDX) and hexamethylenediamine;

• as a corrosion inhibitor, and partially prevents the saturation with hydrogen of parts;

• used in the etching for protection protravlivanija as an inhibitor.

 

In depending on the purpose technical hexamine produced by the following brands:

K - coarse;

C - C different content of crystal (polydisperse);

M - crystalline.

 

Technical methenamine is a flammable substance, the degree of impact on the body relates to substances of the 3rd hazard class. In contact with the skin methenamine having a highly irritating and sometimes causes a rash with severe itching, passing quickly after you stop working with him.

When working with the hexamine used clothing, footwear, gloves, personal means of respiratory protection. The skin must be protected with protective ointments.

Technical methenamine stamps packaged in a plastic or PVC bags nested in four-, six-layer impregnated paper bags or open five-layer glued paper bags with two laminated polyethylene layers.

Technical methenamine stamps are Packed in five-, six-layer bituminized paper the bags in which the inner layer should not be bituminoase; two four-layer impregnated paper bags, nested one into the other; laminated bags; film liner bags or plastic bags placed in three-layer paper bags.

Technical methenamine mark M Packed in plastic bags nested in plywood drums or in bags of viniliskozhi.

Technical methenamine transporterowych by any means of transport in covered transport facilities in accordance with the rules of transportation of dangerous goods, operating in this mode of transport. Stored in dry storage facilities.

 

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