Oxalic acid

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Oxalic acid

 

Oxalic acid, also entandikwa acid — organic compound, dibasic limit carboxylic acid with the formula HOOC-COOH. Belongs to the strong organic acids. Has all the chemical properties characteristic of carboxylic acids. Salts and esters of oxalic acid are called the oxalates. In nature, found in sorrel, rhubarb, carom and some other plants in free form and in the form of oxalates of potassium and calcium.

In industry oxalic acid is obtained by oxidation of carbohydrates, alcohols and glycols with a mixture of HNO3 and H2SO4 in the presence of V2O5, or the oxidation of ethylene and acetylene HNO3 in the presence of PdCl2 or Pd(NO3)2, and the oxidation of propylene liquid NO2. A promising method of obtaining oxalic acid from CO through formate sodium.

Colorless monoclinic hygroscopic crystals, easily soluble in water, sparingly in the ethanol and diethyl ether, insoluble in chloroform, petroleum the ether and benzene. Belongs to the strong organic acids. Has all chemical properties characteristic of carboxylic acids. Salts and esters oxalic acid are termed oxalates. Oxalic acid forms of acidic and medium esters, amides, acid chloride.

Density 1,36 g/cm3. The melting point 189,5°C, sublimation temperature - 125°C, decomposition temperature is 100-130°C, the temperature of the decarboxylation - 166-180°C. by contact with hot surfaces or fire, oxalic acid decomposes forming formic acid and carbon monoxide. Reacts violently with strong oxidizing agents, posing a risk of fire and explosion. Reacts with some compounds of silver with the formation of explosive silver oxalate.

Production rare earth metals is the sector consuming the largest volumes oxalic acid. According to the statistical data for the production of 1 tons of rare earth metal requires 1 ton of oxalic acid. In second place for the consumption is the pharmaceutical industry. The total share of consumption of the two the above sectors is 68% of world consumption of oxalic acid.

In addition oxalic acid is used:

in paint and coatings industry (as a curing catalyst realnyh coatings);

- in systems water purification (chemical purification method and reduce the hardness of water, purification coolants at nuclear power plants);

in chemical industry (organic synthesis, in production of plastics, ink in the synthesis of dyes, as a component of pyrotechnic compositions);

in chemical metallurgy (as a component of compositions for cleaning metals from rust, scale, oxides);

in analytical chemistry (as a precipitating agent of rare earth elements);

in microscopy (as bleach slices);

- when the production of synthetic detergents (as a bleaching and disinfectant, cleaning and removal of urinary stone, salt rigidity and rust);

in textile and leather industry (stain in setcapacity and dyeing of wool and silk, in tanning leather);

for electrolytic bluing steel;

- when anodic oxidation of aluminum;

for bleaching of wood;

in beekeeping;

- used for restoration of objects.

 

Oxalic acid technical is Packed in polyethylene bags or in bags made of plastic film with color printing. Can be Packed in plywood drums with plastic bag inside or soft specialized one-time use containers.

Oxalic acid transporterowych all types of transport. Store in the original package in closed, ventilated warehouse on pallets.

 

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