Sodium gluconate

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Sodium gluconate

Sodium gluconate is a chemical compound, salt of sodium and gluconic acid with the formula HOCH2(CHOH)4COONa, colourless crystals, soluble in water, dietary Supplement E576.

Physical properties:

Sodium gluconate forms colourless crystals.

Soluble in water and ethanol.

APPLICATION

Sodium gluconate and gluconic acid are used as complexing agents for two - or trivalent cations of metals (Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe3+, Al3+) in industrial alkaline cleaning solutions. In this application they are particularly efficient, even in comparison with such agents as NTA and EDTA. Gluconic acid and sodium gluconate are generally used in liquid formulations in combination with other ingredients, such as surfactants, sodium hydroxide, sodium silicate and phosphates. Such the recipe can be more effective thanks to the synergiesarising from the combination of properties of two or three components: trisodium phosphate, used as detergent, does not have complexing properties and hard water can cause deposition of calcium in the form of insoluble phosphate salts. Added to a solution of sodium gluconate reacts with the calcium ions with the formation of soluble chelate. Surface-active substances, usually more effective in soft or demineralised water. So how to conduct demineralization of water is very expensive, an economical solution is the addition of formulation sodium gluconate. Silicates complement the effect of the hydroxide sodium, giving increased alkalinity and prevent corrosion. Sodium Gluconate adds synergy to these properties. With the combination of complexing, dispersant and anti-corrosion properties, high solubility and high stability in strong alkaline environment, sodium gluconate is the best complexing agent to create an alkaline formulations.

Sodium gluconate retards the setting of concrete, reduces the water content and improves plasticity even at low dosages. Its use contributes to 28 days concrete with increased strength. The principle of action of sodium gluconate relies on several interconnected mechanisms:

— Adsorption: sodium gluconate is adsorbed on the surface of the particles cement in process of hydration and to prevent their contact with water, slowing down gripe.

— Deposition (precipitation) in aqueous phase sodium gluconate interacts with calcium ions, forming insoluble and impermeable layer calcium gluconate on the surface of cement particles. This slows down the hydration and increases the curing time. The mechanical strength of the cement increases in the conditions for the formation of long microcrystalline fibers.

— Complexation: sodium gluconate isolates ions calcium, preventing the formation of the crystal nuclei.

— Dispersion: sodium gluconate helps the dispersion of cement particles in the mixture, reducing the effect of van Der Waals forces and improving wetting. This increases the fluidity or allows to reduce the content water. It is known that at low water content to bind all the particles cement is not required microcrystalline fibers of increased length. It increases the strength of cement after 28 days.

Thus, sodium gluconate increases the plasticity and strength by reducing the water content in the mixture and slows down the solidification.

Sodium gluconate (Sodium Gluconate) is used in the oil industry in the cementing of boreholes. Cementing is used for:

· fixing the drill string relative to the sides of the well,

· fencing the drill string,

· protection drilling space from pressure fluctuations and corrosion

· reduction fluid loss through the permeable layer.

The addition of sodium gluconate in the fluid may to improve the properties, keeping the salt dissolved. Related applications: Pre