Isobutanol (isobutyl alcohol)

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Isobutanol (isobutyl alcohol)

2-Methylpropanol-1(isobutyl alcohol, Isobutanol) — alcoholwith formula (CH3)2CHCH2OH a colorless, flammable liquid with a characteristic odor. Mainly used as solvent. Isomericothers butyl alcohols: the 1-butanol, and the butanol-2, 2-methylpropanol-2.

Isobutyl alcohol is a colorless flammable liquid with a characteristic odor. It is completely miscible with common organic solvents. Its solubility in water is 8.5 wt%. at 20 °C, Of 7.5% wt. at 30 °C, whereas the concentration of a saturated solution of water in isobutyl alcohol is 15 % by weight. at 20 °C and 17.3 wt%. when 30 °C. Isobutyl alcohol forms an azeotrope mix with water and toluene, containing 67-70% and 44.5 % isobutyl alcohol and boiling at 89,8 °C and 101,2 °C, respectively.

Dehydrationof isobutyl alcohol is a well-developed industrial process. It is carried out in the presence of γ-oxide aluminum at 300-350 °C with almost complete conversion and yield of isobuteneover 90 %. Isobutyl alcohol can be digidrirovannyin the presence of oxide manganese(IV) MnO2, dioxide selenium SeO2 and even in the absence of oxidizing agents. Its conversion into isobutyric acidunder the action of the standard oxidizing systems. In the presence of acid catalysts 2-methylpropanol-1 can form a complex esters with carboxylic acids.

Isobutyl alcohol is used in various fields and due to its low cost, can serve as a replacement for the 1-butanol. It is used as a solvent, additives to nitrocelluloseand rubber, desiccant, component ink for printing.

Isobutyl alcohol is used in the production of coatings (paint, nitroemali, solvents) production butyl acetate, melamine and urea-phenol-formaldehyde resins, plasticizers (dibutyl phthalate etc.), as well as oil additives, used as lubrication. Isobutanol is used in the washes. This substance is quality extractant for fats. Using the Isobutanol, to produce pesticides, perfumes and cosmetics, food essences, medicinal funds.

Isobutyl alcohol causes irritation of the eyes and the skin in rabbits. Studies showed that isobutyl alcohol can to have a carcinogenic effect.

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