N-hexane

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N-hexane

Hexane is organic matter, a linear saturated hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C6H14. Belongs to the class of alkanes, otherwise paraffins, aliphatic hydrocarbons. This type of chemical compounds is characterized by saturation with hydrogen atoms (in the molecule maximum number possible) and simple connections. A carbon atom is connected with four hydrogen atoms as the top node in the tetrahedron. Between the carbon atoms connected with a non-polar bond. Both types of coupling C—C and C—H are different enough strength, which provides low chemical activity of hexane.

When creating certain conditions pressure and temperature hexane interacts with a weak solution of nitric the acid reacts with the halogenation, sulfochloride. Oxidized oxygen with getting hydroperoxide; burning with the release of large amounts of heat. Oxidation in the presence of catalysts to obtain alcohol, aldehyde, carboxylic acid. The method of reforming in the presence of a catalyst from the hexane get its isomers and benzene.

Hexane is a clear, movable volatile liquid with a mild odor. Zhidkos flammable and explosive. Not soluble in water, but mixes well with organic solvents: chloroform, ethanol, methanol, acetone, diethyl ether.

Hexane is produced from petrol fractions of the first distillation of crude oil and condensates from associated gas.
Isomers of hexane is isolated from a gasoline obtained by alkylation or catalytic cracking; hydrocracking of gas oils (heavy fractions of oil), and also from tars after removing solid components.

Hexane irritating effect on the skin; for internal consumption damages the lungs; inhalation acts as a narcotic substance, causing drowsiness, dizziness, the defeat of the peripheral nervous system and numbness of the feet, depression of the Central nervous system. Pair hexane cause eye irritation.

Regular inhalation of fumes hexane occurs chronic poisoning, leading to serious diseases the nervous system manifested by decrease of sensitivity of the legs, fast fatigue, loss of muscle tone, headaches and even paralysis extremities.

Hexane flammable and explosive. Working with him allowed only in areas with good ventilation or in a fume cupboard, in compliance with the rules fire safety, using all means of protection, including masks with independent air supply.

Transportation of hexane needs be made in airtight containers with special information markings, separately from flammable substances. Storage — in a room with ventilation, protected from light, dry and cool.

Neutral solvent paint and varnish materials, glues for furniture and Shoe adhesives.
— Production of gasoline and additives to gasoline (isomers of hexane) to improve its properties.
— Raw materials for the production of benzene, synthetic rubbers, polyolefins.
— In the chemical industry for fractional purification of substances.
As an industrial means for degreasing and cleaning.
— For extraction and refining of vegetable oils in the food industry.
— In the laboratory for water quality analysis, drugs, foodstuffs, petroleum products. Use in complex and precise studies (fluorimetry, UV spectroscopy, gaschromatography). Non-polar the solvent in chemical reactions.
As the indicator liquid in thermometers with a range of negative values.
— Hexane good solvent of paraffin slugs in oil.
— In electronic tire industry.

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