Phosphoric acid

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Phosphoric acid

 

Ortofosfornoj acid (fosforna acid) inorganic acid medium strength, with the chemical formula H3PO4, which under standard conditions is a colorless hygroscopic crystals. The chemical formula of orthophosphoric acid is H3PO4.

At temperatures above 213 °C, it is converted into pyrophosphoric acid, H4P2O7. Very soluble in water. Usually phosphoric (or phosphorous) acid called 85 % water solution (colorless syrupy liquid with no odor). Soluble also in ethanol and other solvents.

Phosphoric acid is produced from phosphate can be obtained by hydrolysis of the pentachloride of phosphorus or interaction with water of phosphorus oxide(V), obtained by burning phosphorus in oxygen.

With water the reaction goes very rapidly, therefore, phosphorus oxide(V) is treated with heated to 200 °C concentrated a solution of phosphoric acid.

Molten phosphoric acid and its concentrated solutions have a high viscosity, due to formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonds.

Phosphoric acid is widely used for different purposes:

- to cleanse from rust metal surfaces;

- it also contributes further prevention of corrosion;

- as a flux during soldering;

- in agriculture – for the production of mineral fertilizers;

in the composition of refrigerants (in industrial freezer installations);

for research in the field molecular biology;

- in the production of household synthetic cleaning products, detergents and softening agents;

- in the aviation industry (in the composition of hydrozincite).

Phosphoric acid is widely used in dentistry for filling teeth. It etched the tooth enamel before the procedure.

Phosphoric acid is used for acidification of food products and beverages. It provides acute or the sour taste. Natural acidifying agents, for example citric acid, its feature low cost and ease of retrieval.

The main consumer of acid is the field of producing combined phosphorus fertilizer: phosphorus salts of sodium, ammonium, calcium, aluminum, manganese.

Transporterowych all kinds transport in covered vehicles in accordance with transportation rules cargoes effective for this transport.

Store in the original package in covered heated warehouses. For the translation of crystallized phosphoric acid in the liquid state, applied gradual heating up to 50-60 °C. guaranteed storage period ― 6 months (73 %), 3 years (85 jet %).

 

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